Panama Flag

Introduction

The flag is made in three colors (red, blue, and white) and divided into four quarters. The first flag of Panama was designed by María Ossa de Amador. White represents peace to make a home in the new country.

The conservative party is represented by the blue color, while the red represents the liberal party. The blue star symbolizes the purity and honesty that govern the civic life of the country, and the red star, the authority and the law that will impose the empire of these virtues.

The flag of Panama is a powerful emblem that represents the nation's history, culture, and unity. Officially adopted on December 20, 1903, shortly after Panama gained independence from Colombia, the flag's design reflects the country's political landscape and its aspirations for a harmonious future.

Historical Context

The inception of the national flag of Panama is closely combined with the progress towards the country’s independence. There was a time when Panama used to be an agent of Colombia but not a country-state before it established itself as an autonomous and independent state.

The Persuasions of America canvassed the construction of a canal linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans to the United States. This served as a catalyst for America's support of the independence of Panama from Colombia, which resulted in a successful separation in 1903.

The designation of the flag which present-day Panama flies was the work of Manuel E. Amador, son of Panama's first president, Manuel Amador Guerrero, and then sewed by his wife María Ossa de Amador.

Cultural Significance

For Panama, the national flag is more than a simple national symbol; it is an image or the impression of the multicultural origins of the country. Panama is an area of mixing cultures.

The people who make up this mix include Atarama, Atumara, and Afro-Caribbean. They are also coming from different places.

The flag is one of the identifiers for the Panamanians, today it is proudly waved on national holidays, during international matches, and at the offices of the government.

It represents the long and arduous road to the nation's independence and its resolute dedication towards the rule of people.

Usage and Protocol of the Panamanian Flag

The proper use of the flag of Panama is governed by Law No. 34 of 1949, which sets out guidelines for its respect and preservation. Under this law, the flag must be flown with honor on public buildings, schools, official institutions, and during national celebrations, especially on November 4th, Flag Day.

It is forbidden to use the flag for commercial purposes or as an article of clothing that disrespects it. It is also illegal to alter, paint, or modify it. When displayed alongside other flags, the Panamanian flag must occupy the place of honor.

Strict rules dictate how to fold and store it, ensuring it never touches the ground. If it becomes worn or torn, it must be retired and replaced with a new one. Protocol also requires that, on funerary occasions or national days of mourning, the flag be flown at half-mast.

These provisions reflect the deep respect of the Panamanian people for their national symbol. Its correct display demonstrates both civic pride and cultural identity.

History and Evolution of the Panamanian Flag

The flag of Panama was designed by María de la Ossa de Amador in November 1903, just days after Panama’s separation from Colombia. The original design was secretly hand-sewn and first raised at the Presidential Palace.

The official version was adopted by Law No. 64 of 1904. The design symbolizes peace between the country’s historic political parties: red for the Liberals and blue for the Conservatives, separated by white, emblematic of peace. The two stars—one blue and one red—represent the purity of civic ideals and the integrity of citizens.

Over time, the flag has remained essentially unchanged, though its use has been regulated by subsequent laws, including Law No. 34 of 1949, which governs its use, care, and respect. In the 20th century, especially during the military regime, it also became a symbol of protest and official legitimacy.

Today, it proudly flies over government buildings, schools, and patriotic events, embodying Panama’s national identity and history.

FAQ Section

Who designed the flag of Panama?

It was designed by María de la Ossa de Amador in November 1903.

What do the colors of the Panamanian flag represent?

Red symbolizes the Liberal Party; blue represents the Conservative Party; white stands for peace between them.

When is Flag Day celebrated in Panama?

Flag Day is celebrated every November 4th as part of the national patriotic festivities.

Which laws regulate the use of the Panamanian flag?

Primarily Law No. 34 of 1949, which establishes rules for its use and maintenance.

Where must the flag be displayed in Panama?

On public buildings, schools, and during official ceremonies or national holidays.

Sources & Footnotes

[1] Flag of Panama - Britannica
[2] Patriotic Symbols - Embassy of Panama